International Journal of Health Engineering and Technology

Utilization Of The Online Registration Feature In The Jkn Mobile Application With The Workload Of Registration Officers At Cililin Regional Hospital

Salisa Anisa Fitria Salisa Anisa Fitria — 2026-09-24

Outpatient registration services are an important indicator of hospital service quality. The utilization of the Mobile JKN application is expected to improve service efficiency, but its implementation at Cililin Regional Hospital is not optimal, potentially affecting the workload of registration officers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the utilization of the online registration feature in the Mobile JKN application and the workload of outpatient registration officers at Cililin Regional Hospital. The study used a quantitative approach with descriptive and survey methods. The study population included all registration officers at Cililin Regional Hospital and all patients using Mobile JKN during the period of December 2025 to February 2026, with a sample of 10 registration officers selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments included the NASA-TLX questionnaire, interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using Fisher's Exact Test. The results showed that 60% of Mobile JKN utilization was in the optimal category, while the workload of officers was divided equally between the moderate and high categories, each at 50%. The Fisher's Exact Test produced a p-value of 0.048. The conclusion of the study shows that there is a significant relationship between the use of the online registration feature on the Mobile JKN application and the workload of registration officers at Cililin Regional Hospital.

The Effect Of Village Service Information Systems On Community Satisfaction In Gidosebua Village, Gunungsitoli Idanoi District, Gunungsitoli City, North Sumatra Province

Dippos Pasaribu — 2026-09-01

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Village Service Information System on community satisfaction in Gidosebua Village, Gunungsitoli Idanoi District, Gunungsitoli City. The development of information technology encourages village governments to improve the quality of administrative services through the implementation of information systems that are more effective, efficient, transparent, and accountable. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to residents who had received administrative services at the Gidosebua Village Office. The independent variable in this study was the Village Service Information System, while the dependent variable was community satisfaction. Data analysis was conducted using validity tests, reliability tests, simple linear regression analysis, t-tests, correlation coefficient analysis, and coefficient of determination. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview of the influence of information system implementation on improving the quality of public services and serve as an evaluation reference for the village government in enhancing technology-based administrative services.

Optimization And Stability Testing Of Avocado Leaf (Persea americana) Extract Soap Formulated With A Combination Of VCO, Palm Oil, And Olive Oil Using The Simplex Lattice Design Method

Sandhi Nugraheni — 2026-09-10

Continuous exposure to free radicals such as sunlight, air pollution, and cigarette smoke can cause dry, dull skin, skin lesions, and premature aging. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize natural ingredients with antioxidant properties to address these issues. Avocado (Persea americana) leaves are known to contain various secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins, which have high antioxidant activity. The use of these natural ingredients in solid soap offers a safe and effective solution to protect the skin from the negative effects of free radicals. This study was conducted to determine the optimum formula and combination of VCO, palm oil, and olive oil in the manufacture of avocado leaf extract soap. Stability and antioxidant tests were conducted. Optimization using the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method aims to determine the precise concentrations of ingredients to obtain a formula with optimal physical properties and a consumer-acceptable response. This study was optimized using the Simplex lattice design method, antioxidant testing using the DPPH method, and stability testing using a cycling test. The results showed that avocado leaf extract has very strong antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 16.127 μg/mL. Formula optimization using Simplex lattice design resulted in an optimal formula with 10% VCO, 30% palm oil, and 10% olive oil. Solid soap was formulated with avocado leaf extract into three formulas. Formula 3, with a 10% extract concentration, achieved the highest IC₅₀ value of 17.878 μg/mL. Thus, avocado leaf extract has very strong antioxidant content.

Prediction Of Daily Patient Visits At A Community Health Center Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) With Laplace Differential Privacy

Azzahra Azzahra — 2026-09-01

This study aims to analyze the performance of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in predicting daily patient visits using limited-scale Electronic Medical Record (EMR) data and to evaluate the effect of applying Laplace Differential Privacy on prediction accuracy. The data were obtained from the EMR of Puskesmas in Sukabumi Regency, covering the period from January to December 2025. The data were preprocessed through cleaning, aggregation of daily patient visits, exclusion of holidays, and the construction of 14 days sequences. The LSTM model was evaluated using walk-forward validation with an expanding-window scheme consisting of five folds, while privacy protection was implemented using the Laplace mechanism with . The results showed that the baseline model achieved an RMSE of 25.08 and an MAE of 22.19. The application of Differential Privacy increased prediction errors, with higher errors levels observed at smaller Increasing from 1.0 to 2.0 resulted in the largest reduction in prediction error, while further increas provided relatively small improvements. Based on these results, provided the most acceptable balance between privacy protection and prediction performance for the dataset used in this study.

Development Of The SI LAPOR Website As An Aspirations And Complaint Platform To Support The Integrity Zone At The Faculty Of Mathematics And Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University

Indy Zaskia Putri Moki — 2026-09-01

This study aims to develop the SI LAPOR! website as a web-based platform for student aspirations and complaints to support the implementation of the Integrity Zone at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University. The system was developed using a qualitative system development approach with the Agile Scrum framework, including requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The website was built using PHP, MySQL, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript and supports three user roles: reporters (students and lecturers), administrators, and designated officers. Key features include complaint submission, anonymous and sensitive reporting, report status tracking, an aspiration forum with like and comment features, activity history, and a digital bulletin board. System evaluation was conducted using Black-box Testing and User Acceptance Testing. The results show that all core features functioned as expected and were positively evaluated by users. Therefore, the SI LAPOR! website provides an effective, transparent, and well-documented platform for managing aspirations and complaints while supporting integrity-driven campus services.

Design And Construction Of A Web-Based Batak Cultural Product Sales Information System Using The Laravel Framework And Filament Admin

Eva Damayanti Hutagalung — 2026-09-01

Galeri Ulos Sianipar is a micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) engaged in the sale of traditional Batak craft products such as ulos, bags, wallets, and accessories. Previously, conventional transaction and data management processes triggered obstacles such as the risk of data recording errors, reporting delays, and limited marketing reach. This study aims to design and build an integrated web-based Batak cultural sales information system using the Laravel 12 Framework, Filament Admin Panel, and a MySQL database. The system development applies the Waterfall method consisting of the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The results of this study are an e-commerce application that integrates digital catalog features, product management, shopping cart management, checkout processes, digital payment verification (QRIS/Bank Transfer), and real-time financial reports. The implementation of this system has succeeded in simplifying customer access, accelerating the sales administration process, and expanding the reach of digital cultural product promotion.

PT Leads Property Services Indonesia's Communication Strategy For Increasing Client Interest Through WhatsApp

Titik Lesiana Privati — 2026-09-01

This study aims to analyze the communication strategy implemented by PT. Leads Property Services Indonesia in increasing client interest through WhatsApp in the context of marketing communications and the challenges faced in implementing this communication strategy. The theory used in this study is the communication strategy in influencing customers according to Arifin (2016). The method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The approach is to understand the context and meaning in depth through an interpretative process. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with three informants. The results of the study indicate that PT. Leads Property Services Indonesia uses communication strategies including understanding the audience through internal and external data approaches. Compiling messages with capabilities studies regarding the company profile, types of services, track records and case studies. Communication methods are canalizing, informative, and persuasive. The media for delivering messages are verbal and non-verbal. The role of communicators is based on experience to increase client trust. Utilization of the WhatsApp feature to build two-way communication with clients. Challenges encountered in implementing this communication strategy included dealing with new clients, property site visit requirements, clients seeking only initial information, WhatsApp data storage not being automated, and employees lacking expertise. However, these challenges were successfully addressed, and WhatsApp proved effective as a communication platform in increasing client engagement.

Analysis Of Whatsapp Voice Call Quality On 3G And 4G Networks

Islamiyati Nursyamsi — 2026-09-08

The development of wireless communication technology has increased the use of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services, including WhatsApp voice calls. However, voice quality is strongly affected by network performance, particularly in rural areas such as Cigudeg District, Bogor Regency, where 3G and 4G coverage still varies due to infrastructure limitations. This study analyzes the quality comparison of WhatsApp voice calls over 3G and 4G networks based on latency, jitter, packet loss, and Mean Opinion Score (MOS). A descriptive quantitative method was applied through direct field testing for ten consecutive days at three observation periods, namely 09:00, 13:00, and 20:00. The measurement used a Samsung Galaxy A03 smartphone running Android 11, WhatsApp, and the PingTools application to record network parameters during testing. MOS values were estimated using the E-Model approach based on ITU-T recommendations. The results show that the 4G network provides better voice-call quality, with an average latency of 40-80 ms, jitter of 10-30 ms, and MOS values between 4.2 and 4.5. In contrast, the 3G network shows poor performance with very high latency, unstable jitter, and MOS below 2.5. Therefore, 4G is recommended for WhatsApp voice calls in Cigudeg District.

The Relationship Of The Level Of Correct Istinjak Knowledge On The Incidence Of White Disease In Students Of Muhammadiyah 1 High School, Medan City

Muhammad Syahreza — 2026-09-15

Puberty is marked by the production of developmental hormones, namely LH and FSH hormones, which mark children entering adolescence, which causes the vagina to function as part of growth. One of the common and risky problems for adolescent girls is vaginal discharge. If vaginal discharge is not treated immediately, it can cause reproductive tract infections, sexually transmitted infections, and pelvic inflammation. In the context of Islam, vulva hygiene can be applied through the practice of istinjak. Istinjak is the process of cleaning oneself after urinating or defecating, which is recommended in Islamic teachings to maintain the cleanliness of the genital organs. This process is carried out using clean water or other materials such as stones or tissues, to remove residual urine or feces that can be a place for bacteria and fungi to grow. This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of knowledge about correct behavior and the incidence of vaginal discharge.

Optimization Of Tofu Production Planning In Small And Medium Enterprises Using Linear Programming With The Simplex Method

Pangidoan Adventus Ambarita — 2026-09-19

Mr. Rezeki Tofu SME in Pematangsiantar faces challenges in traditional production planning, which is not optimal for managing demand fluctuations and resource allocation. This study aims to formulate an optimal production plan to maximize daily profit by efficiently allocating resources using Linear Programming with the Simplex method. A descriptive qualitative research approach was employed, gathering primary data through direct observation and secondary data through interviews and documentation. Decision variables included the production quantities of White Tofu, Fried Tofu, and Yellow Tofu, constrained by raw materials (soybeans, vinegar, cooking oil, turmeric) and production time. The continuous optimization results revealed an optimal mix of 12.2947 barrels of White Tofu, 50 barrels of Fried Tofu, and 50 barrels of Yellow Tofu, achieving a maximum profit of IDR 5,745,893.72 per day. For operational implementation, rounding to 12 barrels of White Tofu, 50 barrels of Fried Tofu, and 50 barrels of Yellow Tofu yields a daily profit of IDR 5,740,000.00 (a minor decrease of 0.103%). Slack resource analysis identified soybeans, cooking oil, and turmeric as binding constraints, whereas vinegar and production time remained underutilized. In conclusion, the Simplex method effectively enhances resource allocation efficiency and profitability, indicating that production capacity expansion should prioritize securing scarce raw materials rather than extending working hours.

Designing The UI/UX Of The RRQ Arena Manado Website Using Design Thinking To Enhance User And Admin Experience

Cloudio C Sahwat — 2026-09-01

Cloudio Chrestinatalean Sahwat. UI/UX Design of RRQ Arena Manado Website Based on Design Thinking to Enhance User Experience for Users and Admins. Undergraduate Thesis. Information Systems Study Program, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado. Advisors: (I) Mner Charles E. Mongi, S.Si., M.Si., (II) Mner Stephano C.W. Ngangi, S.T., M.T. RRQ Arena Manado currently lacks an integrated official website, causing tournament registration and management to rely on Instagram, Google Forms, Google Sheets, and Excel. This study aims to design the UI/UX of the RRQ Arena Manado website using the Design Thinking method, consisting of Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. The research produced a High-Fidelity Prototype in Figma and was evaluated using Usability Testing and the User Experience Questionnaire Short (UEQ-S). The results showed improvements in user and admin performance, with user Success Rate increasing from 61% to 78% and Time on Task decreasing from 175 to 84 seconds. Admin Success Rate increased from 50% to 72%, while Time on Task decreased from 210 to 74 seconds. The UEQ-S results showed good pragmatic and hedonic quality.

Implementation Of A Profile Matching Based Decision Support System For Selecting Eligible Candidates Of Kip College Scholarships At Sam Ratulangi University

Hierro Deandro Frederik Dannari — 2026-09-01

The implementation of the KIP Kuliah scholarship program at Sam Ratulangi University (UNSRAT) faces challenges in ensuring objective, transparent, and accurate recipient selection due to limitations in the verification process. This study aims to develop and implement a web-based Decision Support System (DSS) using the Profile Matching method to support the selection of eligible KIP Kuliah scholarship recipients. The system was developed using the Waterfall methodology, including requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and deployment, and was implemented using PHP, MySQL, and HTML/CSS. The evaluation employed six assessment criteria consisting of three Core Factors (parental income, family asset ownership, and number of family dependents) weighted at 60% and three Secondary Factors (academic performance, parents' employment status, and living condition) weighted at 40%. The Profile Matching algorithm calculates the GAP between applicant profiles and the ideal profile to generate recommendation rankings. Functional evaluation using Black-box Testing confirmed that all system modules operated according to their specifications. Validation using simulated applicant data demonstrated that the proposed system generated objective and consistent recommendation results based on the predefined criteria. The developed DSS improves the efficiency, transparency, and objectivity of the KIP Kuliah scholarship selection process at Sam Ratulangi University.

Implementation Of A WhatsApp Chatbot To Automate Population Administration Information Services In Tuntang District, Semarang Regency

Tegar Diyan Sandika — 2026-09-24

Population administration services at the sub-district level still largely rely on direct interaction between citizens and officers at the sub-district office, creating distance and time barriers for residents who live far from the administrative center merely to inquire about document requirements. This study aims to design and implement an automated WhatsApp chatbot as a means of delivering administrative information in Tuntang Sub-district, Semarang Regency, covering services such as electronic ID cards, Family Cards, Child Identity Cards, Domicile Transfer Letters (internal, incoming, outgoing), and Certificates of Underprivileged Status. The study applies a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Waterfall development model, using Font as the WhatsApp webhook gateway, Google Apps Script as the backend logic processor through the doPost function, and Google Sheets as the keyword-and-answer database. Testing was conducted using Black-Box Testing on all menus and sub-menus, supported by an analysis of Google Apps Script execution logs to measure system stability and response speed. The results show that all functional scenarios performed as expected, with consistently successful execution status and an average response duration of approximately 2.17 seconds. The study concludes that a chatbot implementation built on free cloud services can serve as an efficient, low-cost, and easily replicable solution for other sub-district government agencies seeking to improve public information accessibility.

Comparative Analysis Of Three-Dimensional Models Using Terrestrial Laser Scanner And Autonomous Flying Laser Scanner (Uav Lidar) Measurement Technology (Case Study: PT Bukit Asam Tbk Exploration Office Location)

Ade Andhika Pratama — 2026-09-15

The development of survey technology encourages the use of UAV LiDAR and Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) in three-dimensional modeling of buildings, but the difference in accuracy of both needs to be evaluated against reference data. This study aims to compare the accuracy of horizontal position and geometric dimensions of UAV LiDAR and TLS modeling results. The study uses a comparative quantitative method. The population is building objects in the PT Bukit Asam Tbk Exploration Office area, with point cloud samples from Leica BLK2FLY and RIEGL VZ-2000i. The research instruments include LiDAR, TLS, GNSS devices, and point cloud processing software. The analysis uses deviation, RMSE, Shapiro-Wilk, and Paired Sample T-Test. The results show that the RMSE of UAV LiDAR position is 0.098 m and TLS is 0.061 m, while the RMSE of dimensions is 0.044 m and 0.038 m, respectively. In conclusion, TLS is more accurate, while UAV LiDAR is more efficient in acquisition and area coverage.

Differences In Knowledge Levels About Anemia Before And After Health Education Among Eighth- -Grade Female Students At MTS Plus Roudhotul Muhibbin Bekasi

Murni Sri Lestari — 2026-09-04

Anemia among adolescent girls remains a health issue that can affect their health, concentration in school, and productivity. The prevalence of anemia among adolescents in Indonesia reaches 15.5%. Low knowledge about anemia, an unbalanced diet, and non-compliance with iron supplement intake contribute to the occurrence of anemia. The health education program in this study was followed by an increase in knowledge about anemia among the respondents. Preliminary findings at MTs Plus Roudhotul Muhibbin in Bekasi indicated that most female students did not understand the effects and prevention of anemia, followed diets without considering nutritional balance, and did not regularly take iron supplements. To determine differences in the level of knowledge about anemia before and after health education was provided to eighth-grade adolescent girls at MTs Plus Roudhotul Muhibbin in Bekasi. A quantitative study with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The sample consisted of 36 respondents selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The median level of knowledge increased from 13 on the pretest to 16 on the posttest. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a Z-value of -5.189 and a p-value < 0.001 (α < 0.05). There is a difference in the level of knowledge about anemia before and after health education was provided to eighth-grade female students at MTs Plus Roudhotul Muhibbin in Bekasi.

Storybooks As A Tool For Nutrition Education In The Prevention Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes In Children: A Literature Review

Fatimatuz Zahro Annaafi'ah — 2026-09-26

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in children is a health problem related to changes in diet and lifestyle. Nutrition education from school age is needed to increase children's knowledge about healthy food choices. One approach that can be used is story-based educational media that combines narrative and visual elements. This literature review aims to examine the use of storybooks as a nutrition education medium in increasing knowledge and supporting the prevention of obesity and type 2 DM in children. The literature studied discusses the relationship between diet and the risk of obesity and type 2 DM, the characteristics of children's educational media, and the effectiveness of narrative and visual approaches in conveying health messages. The results of the study show that storybooks have potential as an educational medium because they can convey health information through characters, storylines, illustrations, and situations that are close to children's lives. Story-based media can also increase children's involvement in the learning process and help connect nutritional information with daily decision-making. The development of media that is tailored to the cultural context and characteristics of children's development is one of the important factors in media acceptance. The storybook "PILAH-PILIH" is an example of narrative- and visual-based educational media developed to help children understand healthy food choices. The independent use of storybooks has the potential to be an alternative nutrition education media that is simple, interesting, and suitable for school-age children.

Intervention Nursing In Wound Care: A Literature Study

Susy Fitrianingsih — 2026-09-04

Wound care is an essential part of nursing practice aimed at accelerating healing, preventing infection, and improving the patient's quality of life. This literature study aims to analyze various effective nursing interventions in wound care based on current empirical evidence. The method of this literature study uses a systematic approach by searching for articles from the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases for the period 2019–2025. Methodological quality assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool. A total of 10 selected articles show that interventions such as modern dressings (foam, hydrogel, honey dressing), patient education, and evidence-based wound care practice are proven to improve the healing process and reduce infection complications. In conclusion, integrated nursing interventions, including the use of modern dressings and patient education, are effective in improving clinical outcomes and accelerating wound healing.

The Relationship Between Sedentary Behavior And Obesity Among Adults: A Systematic Literature Review

Ketty Amanda Putri — 2026-09-01

Obesity is a growing public health problem in various countries, including Indonesia. Sedentary behavior, characterized by prolonged sitting or lying down with low energy expenditure, has been identified as a major risk factor for obesity in adulthood. This study aims to examine the relationship between sedentary behavior and obesity in adulthood through a literature review. The method used was a literature review with a search of articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar databases between 2023 and 2026. Inclusion criteria included studies discussing sedentary behavior and obesity in the adult population. The study results showed that a high duration of sedentary behavior was significantly associated with increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and the risk of obesity. Adults who spend more than 6–8 hours per day sitting have a greater risk of obesity than individuals with more physical activity. Technological developments, computer-based work, and the use of digital devices are contributing factors to the increase in sedentary behavior. These findings emphasize the importance of increasing physical activity and reducing sitting time as strategies for preventing obesity in adulthood.

Education And Implementation Of Early Mobilization Towards Achievement Of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (Eras) In Post-General Anesthesia Patients At Siaga Medika Hospital, Purbalingga

Cindy Eka Fitriya — 2026-09-04

Surgical procedures may lead to postoperative complications such as pain, respiratory disorders, decreased muscle function, and limited mobility, which can delay recovery. Early mobilization is a key component of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol to accelerate recovery and reduce these complications. This community service activity aimed to improve patients’ knowledge and optimize ERAS achievement in post–general anesthesia patients through education and the implementation of early mobilization at Siaga Medika General Hospital, Purbalingga.The implementation methods included education and demonstrations of deep breathing exercises, effective coughing, and Range of Motion (ROM) exercises within the first 6–24 hours postoperatively. Evaluation was conducted using pre–post education questionnaires and ERAS achievement observation sheets. A total of 38 patients participated, with characteristics based on age, gender, and type of surgery. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge, with all participants reaching a very good category after the education.

A 64 Year Old Woman With Neuropsychiatric Symptoms In Severe Dementia: A Case Report

Dina Nurhayati — 2026-09-17

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia involve changes of behavior and personality, agitation, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, sleep or eating disorders. NPS leads to worse prognosis and accelerates the progression to severe dementia. A 64-year-old woman with agitation. Alloanamnesis found that since 3 years ago, patient has become senile, memory worsens and gets lost when traveling. Patient always repeats the same sentence, walks aimlessly, has sleep disorder and visual hallucinations. Patient is completely dependent on her family. Family history of illness, the patient's mother experienced the same symptoms. Neurological examination found hemiparesis sinistra sequelae since 1 year ago. Non-contrast head CT scan showed infarct in the right lentiform nucleus and brain atrophy with total Global Cortical Atrophy (GCA) scale 17. Hachinski score 4. Neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) score 77. Patient’s previous treatment was not consistent. During initial treatment, the MMSE score 4, the MOCA Ina score 3, the IADL score 0. Patient received therapy with donepezil 5mg, olanzapine 10 mg, and fluoxetine 20 mg. Follow up result 1 month, MMSE score 10, MOCA Ina score 6, IADL score 2. The diagnosis of NPS in dementia is based on anamnesis, physical examination and supporting examination. Severe cognitive decline affecting domains of memory, language, attention and concentration, visuospatial function and executive function. Patient experienced clinical improvement after 1 month of pharmacological therapy. Early identification of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients is very important to provide appropriate management.

The Dynamics Of Female Students At Ibnu Hajar Islamic Boarding School In Understanding Pediculosis Capitis

Lourensya Berta Joharlina — 2026-09-08

Pediculosis capitis remains common in Islamic boarding schools, especially among female students living in overcrowded dormitories, facilitating transmission through close contact and shared personal items. In Indonesia, the prevalence is still high at around 20%, particularly among children and adolescents in communal settings. Despite this, pediculosis capitis is often considered a neglected disease, leading to suboptimal management. This study aims to identify factors associated with the risk of pediculosis capitis among female students. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study design. Informants were selected purposively, consisting of caregivers, dorm supervisors, sanitation staff, and students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and document review, then analyzed using qualitative analysis supported by ATLAS.ti. The risk of pediculosis is influenced by behavioral and environmental factors. Behaviors such as sharing combs, infrequent hair washing, and limited knowledge of prevention increase vulnerability. Environmental factors—including crowded rooms, humidity, close sleeping arrangements, and limited cleanliness supervision also contribute to transmission. Pediculosis among female students results from a combination of personal habits, room conditions, and communal living culture. Effective prevention requires stronger hygiene education, reduced sharing of personal items, and improved environmental cleanliness monitoring.

Vaccine Cold Chain Management in Primary Health Care Centers: Literature Review

Yunistia Anggraini — 2026-09-01

Vaccine cold chain management is an essential component in ensuring vaccine quality, safety, and effectiveness until administration in immunization services. Primary health care centers play a strategic role in cold chain implementation; however, various studies report persistent challenges related to storage, temperature monitoring, distribution, and human resource capacity. This article aims to comprehensively review vaccine cold chain management in primary health care centers by integrating national and international scientific evidence and pharmaceutical management perspectives. A narrative literature review was conducted using national and international databases, including articles published between 2020 and 2025 Of the 50 international and 25 national articles identified, screening based on titles, abstracts, and full-text assessment resulted in 14 relevant articles for analysis. The findings indicate that although most primary health care centers have implemented basic cold chain principles, significant gaps remain in temperature monitoring consistency, distribution documentation, utilization of supporting facilities, and pharmacist involvement in vaccine quality assurance systems. Strengthening the role of pharmacists, supported by temperature monitoring technology and adherence to national guidelines, is a key strategy to improve vaccine management quality in primary health care centers

The Effectiveness Of Integrated Antenatal Classes In Improving Knowledge And Childbirth Preparedness Among Pregnant Women

Riska Mila Valentina — 2026-09-01

To reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia often driven by delays in recognizing pregnancy risks and a lack of birth preparedness promotive efforts in the form of Integrated Antenatal Classes were implemented. The program's effectiveness in enhancing the knowledge and birth preparedness of pregnant women was evaluated at the Puruk Cahu Sebrang Community Health Center (Puskesmas). This pre-experimental study (using a one-group pretest-posttest design) involved 50 pregnant women selected via total sampling. All participants underwent a series of interventions, including a pretest, four integrated educational sessions, and a posttest. Data analysis was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Paired t-test. A significant increase in mean understanding was observed a rise of 27.82 points, from 58.42 (±10.36) to 86.24 (±7.18) (t=18.64; p<0.001). Birth preparedness scores also rose by 26.98 points, increasing from 61.18 (±9.54) to 88.16 (±6.92) (t=17.91; p<0.001). The percentage of pregnant women with good knowledge levels grew from 16.0% to 84.0%, while the proportion classified as "prepared for childbirth" surged from 32.0% to 90.0%. These results demonstrate the clear effectiveness of Integrated Antenatal Classes in boosting knowledge and birth preparedness; consequently, it is highly recommended that this program be sustainably integrated into maternal health service.

The Impact Of Hospital Information System (SIMRS) Integration On The Improvement Of Healthcare Service Quality At Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh

Putri Tia Novita — 2026-09-13

The integration of Hospital Information Systems (SIMRS) is an important effort to support the improvement of healthcare service quality by providing fast, accurate, timely, and integrated information across service units. Optimal utilization of SIMRS can assist healthcare workers in accelerating service processes, improving coordination among units, reducing information errors, and supporting the efficiency of patient care. This study aimed to determine the relationship between Hospital Information System (SIMRS) integration and healthcare service quality at Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of healthcare workers and staff who used SIMRS at Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh. A total of 62 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires to measure the level of SIMRS integration and healthcare service quality. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with appropriate statistical tests. The results showed that SIMRS integration was predominantly categorized as moderate, with 31 respondents (50.0%), while 12 respondents (19.4%) were categorized as having good integration and 19 respondents (30.6%) as having poor integration. Healthcare service quality was predominantly categorized as good, with 38 respondents (61.3%), followed by 20 respondents (32.3%) in the moderate category and 4 respondents (6.5%) in the poor category. The results of the relationship analysis showed a p-value of 0.001 (p<0.05), indicating a statistically significant relationship between SIMRS integration and healthcare service quality. It can be concluded that better SIMRS integration is associated with better healthcare service quality at Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh.

The Relationship Between The Work Environment And The Productivity Level Of Medical Record Officers At A Class C Hospital In 2026

Cahya Ainatasya Paputungan — 2026-09-24

The productivity of medical record officers is one of the key factors in supporting the quality of healthcare services, particularly in the era of digital transformation and the implementation of electronic medical records. An unsupportive work environment may affect the comfort and productivity of medical record officers in carrying out their duties. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the work environment and the productivity level of medical record officers in Class C hospitals in 2026. This study employed a quantitative approach using a correlational design with a cross-sectional method. The study sample consisted of 35 medical record officers, including 18 officers from Cakra Husada Hospital Klaten and 17 officers from Nyi Ageng Serang Regional General Hospital, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that the work environment was generally categorized as good, while the productivity level of medical record officers ranged from moderate to high. The Spearman Rank correlation test yielded a significance value (p-value) of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.615, indicating a positive and strong relationship between the work environment and the productivity of medical record officers. It can be concluded that the better the work environment, the higher the productivity of medical record officers in Class C hospitals in 2026.

Provision Of Local Food-Based Supplementary Feeding For Undernourished Toddlers In Primary Care: A Systematic Literature Review

Asyifa Tsulus Sandi — 2026-09-01

Undernutrition among children under five in Indonesia remains aggravated by poor diet quality and comorbidities such as tuberculosis, anemia, and thalassemia. This review evaluated the effectiveness of local food-based supplementary feeding compared with standard supplements or no intervention, assessed the moderating role of major comorbidities on nutritional recovery, and identified determinants of program success. A PRISMA 2020-guided systematic literature review was conducted using Consensus.app sources published in 2015–2026, prioritizing systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and quasi-experimental studies. Supplementary foods and complementary feeding interventions improve recovery, body weight, Weight-for-Height Z-Score (WHZ), Weight-for-Age Z-Score(WAZ), dan Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), sementara perbaikan tinggi badan whereas gains in height/ Height-for-Age Z-Score (HAZ) are smaller and require longer exposure. Local food-based products, including moringa-fortified foods, moringa nuggets, and other locally formulated diets, also improved weight, height, or Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) in studies from Indonesia and other low-resource settings. Tuberculosis and anemia consistently predicted slower nutritional recovery, while evidence for thalassemia mainly indicates elevated malnutrition risk rather than tested response to supplementary feeding. Program success depends on adequate duration, adherence, nutrient composition, training, family support, and primary care delivery capacity. The main research gap is the lack of integrated screening for tuberculosis, anemia, and thalassemia within primary-care supplementary feeding programs. Locally-based PMT effectively improves short-term nutritional status of undernourished children, but its effectiveness decreases in children with TB and anemia comorbidities. Integration of tuberculosis, anemia, and thalassemia screening in PMT programs at primary healthcare facilities is needed.

The Effects Of Coffee Cherry Extract (Arabica) On Liver And Kidney Function In Streptozotocin-Induced And High-Fat Diet-Fed White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Ira Monica — 2026-09-08

Streptozotocin (STZ) is cytotoxic to β-cells, which normally respond to glucose stimulation by releasing insulin. STZ can induce diabetes mellitus (DM), modeling both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus can lead to renal complications, specifically diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to determine the effect of coffee cherry (Arabica) extract administration on liver and kidney function in white rats (*Rattus norvegicus*) induced with streptozotocin and a high-fat diet. This was a true experimental study utilizing a randomized posttest-only control group design. The study sample consisted of 20 rats divided into five groups. The research was conducted from October 2024 to November 2024. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. One-Way ANOVA results indicated no significant effect of coffee cherry extract administration on liver and kidney function. Administration of the extract did not significantly affect SGOT levels (p=0.092; p>0.05) or SGPT levels (p=0.401; p>0.05). Regarding urea levels, the significance value was p=0.422 (p>0.05). Kruskal-Wallis analysis also showed no significant effect of the extract on kidney function; specifically, there was no significant effect on creatinine levels (p=0.067; p>0.05). In conclusion, the administration of coffee cherry extract to white rats (*Rattus norvegicus*) induced with streptozotocin and a high-fat diet did not affect SGOT, SGPT, urea, or creatinine levels.

The Relationship Between Oral Hygiene Maintenance And Pregnancy Gingivitis Among Pregnant Women At Lampasi Community Health Center, Payakumbuh, West Sumatra

Reksy Endika — 2026-09-13

Pregnancy causes hormonal changes that increase the susceptibility of gingival tissues to inflammation. Poor oral and dental hygiene can lead to plaque accumulation, thereby increasing the risk of pregnancy gingivitis. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene essential to preserve oral health during pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the relationship between oral and dental hygiene maintenance and pregnancy gingivitis among pregnant women at Lampasi Health Center, Payakumbuh, West Sumatra. This study employed an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of all pregnant women who visited Lampasi Health Center. A total of 39 respondents were selected based on the study criteria. Data were collected using a questionnaire on oral and dental hygiene maintenance and gingival examinations using the Gingival Index (GI). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that 20 respondents (51.3%) had good oral and dental hygiene maintenance, while 19 respondents (48.7%) had poor oral hygiene maintenance. Good pregnancy gingivitis status was found in 26 respondents (66.7%), while moderate pregnancy gingivitis was observed in 13 respondents (33.3%). The Chi-Square test showed a p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between oral and dental hygiene maintenance and pregnancy gingivitis among pregnant women. It can be concluded that better oral and dental hygiene maintenance is associated with healthier gingival conditions. Pregnant women are recommended to maintain proper oral hygiene practices and undergo regular dental check-ups throughout pregnancy to prevent pregnancy gingivitis and improve overall oral health.

Determinants of Antenatal Care Adherence among Pregnant Women in a Midwifery Practice: A Cross-sectional study

Ita Haryanti — 2026-09-01

Background: Antenatal care adherence supports early identification and management of pregnancy-related complications. However, maternal and family-related factors may prevent women from completing the recommended antenatal care schedule. Objective: This study examined the associations of maternal age, educational attainment, occupational status, and husband support with antenatal care adherence. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 34 women who had received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy at an independent midwifery practice in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, husband-support questionnaire, and antenatal care record checklist. Frequencies, percentages, and Pearson’s chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results: Twenty participants (58.8%) did not adhere to the recommended antenatal care schedule. Maternal age was significantly associated with antenatal care adherence (p = .003). Educational attainment showed a significant association with adherence (p < .001), while occupational status was also significantly associated with adherence (p = .003). Husband support demonstrated a significant association with antenatal care adherence (p = .001). Conclusion: Maternal age, education, occupation, and husband support were associated with antenatal care adherence. Midwives should provide flexible services, individualized education, and husband-inclusive counseling to improve attendance.

Booklet Media As An Effort To Promote Exclusive Breastfeeding Health In Preventing Stunting In The Work Area Of The Kampung Baru Community Health Center, Medan City

Adelia Rahma Dani — 2026-09-08

Stunting remains a public health problem in Indonesia, while exclusive breastfeeding coverage is not yet optimal. Booklet media can be used as an educational tool to increase knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding in preventing stunting. This study aims to analyze the role of booklet media as an effort to promote exclusive breastfeeding health in preventing stunting in the working area of the Kampung Baru Community Health Center, Medan City. The study used a quantitative approach with a survey and media development method (Research and Development). A total of 30 respondents consisting of pregnant and breastfeeding mothers participated in the study. The instrument was a pre-test and post-test questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. A total of 25 respondents (83.3%) experienced an increase in knowledge, 4 respondents (13.3%) experienced no change, and 1 respondent (3.3%) experienced a decrease. The Wilcoxon test showed Z = -4.392 and p < 0.001. Booklet media is effective as a health promotion medium to increase knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding in preventing stunting.

Determination Of The Level Of Medium Acid Drug Compounds By Semi-Water-Free Titration

Nilsya Febrika Zebua — 2026-09-15

Salicylic acid is a compound widely used in topical preparations, so determining its levels is necessary to ensure product quality and safety. This study aims to determine the levels of salicylic acid in salicylic acid and salicyl powder samples using the semi-aqueous titration (TSBA) method. The study was conducted experimentally in a laboratory using 0.1 N NaOH as a titrant and phenolphthalein as an indicator. Each sample was analyzed three times. The results showed that the salicylic acid levels were 27.63%, 42.78%, and 24.79%, respectively, while the levels in the salicyl powder sample were 80.01%, 87.10%, and 88.12%. Variations in levels between repetitions can be influenced by weighing accuracy, sample homogeneity, dissolution process, burette reading, and titration endpoint determination. The TSBA method can be used as a simple method for quantitative determination of salicylic acid compounds.

Diagnosis And Management Of Pleural Effusion In Adults

Amalia Fizry Munthe — 2026-09-24

Pleural effusion reflects either systemic disease or local pleural pathology. Treating the effusion as a final diagnosis can delay recognition of infection or malignancy. To present a cause-specific diagnostic and management framework for adult pleural effusion. This narrative review selected 30 journal articles published from December 2023 through March 2026, identified through PubMed and journal or publisher websites up to September 15, 2026. Records were checked against DOI metadata; neither meta-analysis nor formal risk-of-bias assessment was undertaken. Initial evaluation combines clinical assessment, thoracic ultrasound and a decision on diagnostic thoracentesis. Paired pleural-fluid and serum studies, fluid pH and glucose, cultures, cytology and focused investigations guide subsequent management. Pleural infection calls for antibiotics and drainage when indicated; symptomatic malignant effusion requires an individualized choice of pleurodesis or an indwelling catheter, whereas systemic transudates require treatment of their underlying disease. A staged, cause-directed approach supports timely drainage of high-risk effusions and avoids unnecessary procedures.

The Effect Of Otago Exercise On Gait Walking Speed In Elderly Women At Posyandu Harapan Bunda In 2026

Bunga Anisa — 2026-09-01

Elderly individuals are prone to a decline in walking ability, which is commonly indicated by reduced gait walking speed and may increase the risk of falls. Gait walking speed is an important parameter in gait analysis as it reflects functional mobility, balance, and lower extremity muscle strength in older adults. One exercise program recommended to improve walking ability and reduce fall risk is the Otago Exercise Program. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Otago Exercise Program on improving gait walking speed in elderly women with a risk of falling at Posyandu Harapan Bunda. This study employed a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The sample consisted of 52 elderly women aged 60–69 years with a risk of falling, selected using total sampling. The Otago Exercise Program was conducted for 8 weeks with a frequency of three sessions per week (12 sessions). Gait walking speed was measured using the 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an improvement in gait walking speed after the Otago Exercise intervention. The mean 10MWT score increased from 65.55 before the intervention to 95.22 after the intervention. The Wilcoxon test results indicated a significant effect of the Otago Exercise Program on improving gait walking speed in elderly women with a risk of falling (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the Otago Exercise Program has a significant effect on improving gait walking speed in elderly women with a risk of falling. This exercise program can be recommended as an effective intervention to enhance walking ability and reduce fall risk in the elderly population.

Design of a Computer-Assisted Coding System with Rule-Based Validation Based on ICD-10 at STIKES Wira Medika Bali

Ni Luh Dwie Ratna Dewati Saraswati — 2026-09-08

The coding of diagnoses and procedures is a critical activity in health information management, yet it remains prone to errors that affect claim accuracy and the financial sustainability of healthcare facilities. Inaccurate coding can lead to upcoding or downcoding, both of which carry administrative and financial risks. This study aims to design a Computer-Assisted Coding (CAC) system with rule-based validation based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), tailored to the learning environment at STIKES Wira Medika Bali. A qualitative descriptive approach using a system design research methodology was employed. Data were collected through literature review and observation of the diagnosis-coding learning process at the Medical Records Management Laboratory. The analysis identified functional requirements for accepting diagnosis input, facilitating ICD-10 code search, and providing automatic validation notifications based on predefined rule-based criteria. The system design produced a flowchart, Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), and a user interface prototype comprising a login page, a main page with diagnosis input and code-search features, and validation result notifications. The resulting design provides a structured foundation for developing a fully functional CAC application that supports more systematic, accurate, and efficient diagnosis coding education.

Implementation Of Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) Resnet-50 Architecture For Mammography Image Classification In Early Breast Cancer Detection

Akbar Muhammad Dzidan — 2026-09-15

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women. Early detection through mammography screening is crucial to reduce mortality rates. However, manual image interpretation by radiologists is susceptible to subjectivity and visual fatigue, which can lead to misdiagnoses (False Positives and False Negatives). This study aims to design and implement a deep learning model using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with the ResNet-50 architecture to classify mammography images into three tissue conditions: Benign, Malignant, and Normal. The model was developed using a Transfer Learning approach based on ImageNet weights, with specific modifications made to the classifier head layer. The secondary dataset was sourced from Kaggle, resulting in a final total of 23,939 images after undergoing preprocessing stages that included background removal (Auto-Crop), dimensional resizing (224x224 pixels), normalization, and geometric data augmentation. Model training was optimized using a Two-Stage Training strategy consisting of Feature Extraction and Fine-Tuning—to overcome potential performance degradation caused by an imbalanced data distribution (class imbalance) and to maximize the recognition of pathological features. Testing results conducted on 4,542 images in the testing data demonstrated that the proposed model achieved an Overall Accuracy of 98%. The evaluation of the F1-Score metric recorded a value of 0.98 for the Benign and Malignant classes, and a perfect 1.00 for the Normal class. Furthermore, the model exhibited excellent sensitivity (Recall) with zero False Negative predictions for malignant cases detected as Normal. Overall, this modified ResNet-50 architecture is proven to be reliable, precise, and holds significant potential to be implemented as a Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system to support the efficiency of medical professionals' clinical decisions.

Behavioral Management Of A Child with A Gag Reflex During Pulpotomy: A Case Report

Laila Fit Ria — 2026-09-26

Pulpotomy is a vital pulp therapy for primary teeth that aims to preserve radicular pulp vitality. Successful treatment depends not only on the dental condition but also on the child’s cooperation. A pronounced gag reflex may interfere with treatment when instruments stimulate the oral cavity. Behavioral management using enhanced control may help improve patient cooperation and comfort. This case report describes the application of enhanced control in managing a child with a gag reflex during pulpotomy. A 9-year-old boy presented with caries in tooth 75 and sensitivity to cold and heat. Clinical and radiographic examinations revealed a dentinal cavity approaching the pulp chamber, positive pulp vitality, and no pathological signs in the radicular region, leading to a diagnosis of reversible pulpitis. The patient exhibited a gagging response during intraoral instrumentation. Pulpotomy was performed using enhanced control, with a simple signaling system established to communicate discomfort. At the one-week follow-up, no pain, swelling, bleeding, or tooth mobility was observed. Percussion and palpation were negative, and pulp vitality remained positive. Enhanced control facilitated communication, improved cooperation, and supported a more controlled and comfortable pulpotomy procedure in a child with a gag reflex.

The effect of date palm juice on increasing hemoglobin (HB) in pregnant women at the Sadar Jaya Community Health Center, Bengkalis Regency

Juyanti Lamhotria Naibaho — 2026-09-01

Anemia due to iron deficiency is the main cause of anemia in pregnant women. In 2024, 843 pregnant women underwent ANC at the Sadar Jaya Health Center, of which 129 or approximately 56% experienced anemia. This study aims to determine the effect of date palm juice on increasing hemoglobin (Hb) in pregnant women at the Sadar Jaya Health Center, Bengkalis Regency. This type of research is pre-experimental. The population was all pregnant women in the first trimester in March 2026, totaling 30 people, the sampling technique was total sampling. Data analysis used the t-test. The results showed that the hemoglobin (Hb) levels in pregnant women before being given date palm juice were mostly 18 respondents (57.2%) with moderate Hb levels. The hemoglobin (Hb) levels in pregnant women after being given date palm juice were mostly 20 respondents (66.7%) with mild Hb levels. The effect of date palm juice on increasing Hemoglobin (Hb) in pregnant women with a ρ value of 0.000 <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of date palm juice on increasing Hemoglobin (Hb) in pregnant women at the Sadar Jaya Community Health Center, Bengkalis Regency. Therefore, it is hoped that the community health center will increase knowledge and understanding, especially in providing services to pregnant women regarding the prevention of anemia by providing date palm juice to pregnant women in the first trimester.

Non- Sindromic Oligodontia : A Case Report Of A Patient With Multiple Missing Teeth And A Literature Of Review

Achiyyatuz Zakhiyah Kusumaning Hapsari — 2026-09-01

Agenesis of teeth is a developmental anomaly of the stomatognathic system characterized by the congenital absence of one or more teeth due to the failure of tooth germ formation during odontogenesis. This condition may affect both primary and permanent dentition and is classified according to the number of missing teeth into hypodontia, oligodontia, and anodontia. The method used in this report was a case report accompanied by a literature review based on relevant data sources. The case involved a 16-year-old female patient who presented with complaints of multiple spaces between her teeth and dental caries. Further examination, including panoramic radiography, revealed the congenital absence of nine permanent teeth: 17, 15, 24, 25, 27, 37, 35, 44, and 47. Clinical examination also showed the persistence of several primary teeth (55, 63, 65, and 75) with dentinal carious lesions but without mobility. This condition may result from mutations in genes involved in tooth development, such as MSX1, PAX9, and AXIN2. Mutations in these genes can disrupt epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during odontogenesis, leading to failure of tooth germ formation and resulting in multiple tooth agenesis. Oligodontia requires individualized management because its clinical manifestations vary considerably depending on the number of missing teeth, the condition of the alveolar bone, occlusal relationships, and the patient's age. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach involving orthodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, prosthodontists, and, when necessary, other dental specialists is essential to achieve optimal functional and esthetic outcomes.

Atrial Septal Defect

Marito Arga Hasian Br Marpaung — 2026-09-15

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital heart disease that can be asymptomatic in childhood but has the potential to cause long-term hemodynamic complications. This paper aims to comprehensively discuss the definition, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, indications for closure, complications, and prognosis of ASD. This study uses a descriptive study with a literature review method. The study population consists of scientific sources on ASD and related congenital heart diseases, while the sample consists of relevant literature sources used in the study. The research instruments, consisting of literature sources and data, were analyzed descriptively through identification, grouping, and synthesis of information based on the discussion topic. The results of the study indicate that a significant left-to-right shunt can cause right ventricular volume overload, right heart enlargement, exercise intolerance, atrial arrhythmia, pulmonary hypertension, and Eisenmenger syndrome. Echocardiography is the main examination, while hemodynamically significant ASD may require transcatheter device closure or surgical closure. In conclusion, early evaluation and appropriate closure of ASD can support a good prognosis and reduce the risk of long-term complications.

The Effectiveness Of A Combination Of Red Onion Compresses And Paracetamol In Reducing Fever Following Dpt Vaccination In Infants Aged 2–4 Months

Siska Nila Sari — 2026-09-22

This study was prompted by findings that approximately 40–50 per cent of infants experience fever as an immune response following DPT immunisation at the Pakuan Ratu Community Health Centre, Lampung Province. Postimmunisation fever is generally managed with paracetamol, whilst red onion compresses have begun to be utilised as a non-pharmacological therapy due to their antipyretic effects. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a combination of red onion compresses and paracetamol in reducing post-DPT immunisation fever in infants aged 2–4 months at the Pakuan Ratu Community Health Centre in Lampung. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. The design used was a pre-test–post-test control group design. In this design, the participants were divided into two groups: the intervention (experimental) group and the control group. Body temperature was measured before (pre-test) and after (post-test) in both groups to assess the effectiveness of red onion compresses in reducing fever in infants. Results: The findings from the Independent Samples t-test showed that both the control group, which was given paracetamol, and the experimental group, which was given a combination of red onion compresses and paracetamol, experienced a significant reduction in fever (p = 0.000 < 0.05). However, the experimental group showed better results with an average temperature reduction of 1.06°C, compared to 0.56°C in the control group. This difference indicates that the administration of red onion compresses as a complementary therapy to paracetamol is more effective in reducing fever following DPT immunisation in infants aged 2–4 months than the administration of paracetamol alone; therefore, the research hypothesis is accepted (H₀ is rejected). Conclusion: It is concluded that red onion compresses are effective as a complementary therapy in helping to reduce post-DPT immunisation fever in infants aged 2–4 months at the Pakuan Ratu Community Health Centre in Lampung. This therapy can be used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment in the management of post-immunisation fever, whilst ensuring that correct procedures are followed and under the supervision of healthcare professionals.

Analysis Of Factors Associated With The Treatment Success Of Tuberculosis Patients Based On Tuberculosis Register Data At Mabuun Community Health Center, Tabalong Regency, From January To July 2026

Adisty Puspitasari — 2026-09-01

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a communicable infectious disease and continues to pose a significant challenge to infectious disease control. Successful TB treatment is an essential component of disease control, as treatment failure may increase the risk of relapse, transmission, and drug resistance. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with successful treatment among tuberculosis patients based on TB Register data from Mabuun Community Health Center, Tabalong Regency, for the period January–July 2026. This study employed a quantitative approach with an analytical observational design and a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 38 TB patients selected using a total sampling technique. The independent variables included age, sex, employment status, case type, and patient category, while the dependent variable was treatment success. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Pearson Chi-Square test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that 13 patients (34.2%) achieved successful treatment, while 25 patients (65.8%) did not. There were significant associations between employment status and treatment success (p = 0.035) and between case type and treatment success (p = 0.034). The proportion of treatment success among employed patients was 57.1%, compared with 20.8% among unemployed patients. Based on case type, the treatment success rate among patients with pulmonary TB was 43.3%, whereas it was 0.0% among patients with extrapulmonary TB. Meanwhile, age (p = 0.051), sex (p = 0.307), and patient category (p = 1.000) were not significantly associated with treatment success. It was concluded that the TB treatment success rate at Mabuun Community Health Center remains low, with employment status and case type being significantly associated factors. Strengthening monitoring and patient support should be prioritized for unemployed patients and those with extrapulmonary TB to improve TB treatment success at the primary healthcare level.

The Relationship Between Maternal History Of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) And Stunting Incidence In Toddlers Aged 6 To 24 Months In Bagu Community Health Center, Central Lombok Regency

Latifa Ainun Pratiwi — 2026-09-08

Stunting is a manifestation of chronic undernutrition characterized by impaired linear growth and disrupted developmental outcomes in early childhood. Maternal chronic energy deficiency during pregnancy is widely recognized as an important prenatal risk factor, yet the occurrence of stunting is multifactorial, with postnatal socioeconomic and environmental determinants also contributing substantially. This study aimed to analyze the association between maternal history of chronic energy deficiency during pregnancy and the severity of stunting among children aged 6 to 24 months in the working area of Bagu Primary Health Center. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 43 children aged 6 to 24 months were included as respondents, selected using a total sampling technique due to the limited population size. Maternal history of chronic energy deficiency was determined based on a mid upper arm circumference of less than 23.5 centimeters recorded in the maternal and child health handbook, while child nutritional status was assessed using the height for age index. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Fisher's Exact Test. All study subjects exhibited impaired growth, with 68.2 percent classified as stunted and 32.8 percent as severely stunted. The majority of mothers (79.1 percent) had normal nutritional status during pregnancy, while 20.9 percent had a history of chronic energy deficiency, and most households (88.4 percent) had income below the regional minimum wage. The statistical test demonstrated no significant association, with a p-value of 1.000. Maternal history of chronic energy deficiency during pregnancy was not significantly associated with the severity of stunting in this population, indicating that maternal nutritional status alone may not adequately explain the occurrence of stunting and that broader socioeconomic and postnatal environmental determinants may exert a more dominant influence.

Education On A Balanced, Nutritious Diet And The Production Of Herbal Gummies As An Alternative To Support Immunity During Fasting

Enda Mora — 2026-09-26

Ramadan fasting causes changes in dietary patterns and body metabolism that may affect nutritional adequacy and adolescents’ immune endurance if not balanced with proper implementation of balanced nutrition. In addition, the use of herbal plants as immune support remains suboptimal because they are generally consumed in traditional forms that are less appealing. This community service activity aimed to improve students’ knowledge regarding balanced nutritional intake during fasting and to introduce the preparation of herbal gummies as an alternative functional snack to support immunity. The methods used included education through interactive lectures, discussions, visual media, product-making demonstrations, and evaluation using a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design involving 38 students of SMAN 1 Pekanbaru. The herbal gummy product was formulated from ginger, butterfly pea flower, turmeric, lemongrass, and other supporting ingredients. The results showed an increase in participants’ knowledge after the intervention. Normality testing indicated that the data were not normally distributed; therefore, the analysis was continued using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The test results showed a significance value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores. This activity proves that balanced nutrition education and herbal gummy preparation training are effective in increasing students’ knowledge and have the potential to become a practical, attractive, and beneficial herbal-based functional food innovation.

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index And Physical Activity Among Older Adults At The Harapan Bunda Elderly Integrated Health Service Post (Posyandu Lansia)

Natasya Shalima David — 2026-09-01

The increasing elderly population in Indonesia has led to various health problems, particularly related to nutritional status and physical activity. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple indicator used to assess nutritional status, while physical activity plays an important role in maintaining energy balance and body composition. Elderly individuals with low levels of physical activity are at greater risk of having abnormal BMI, which may lead to degenerative diseases. This study used an analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consisted of 109 elderly individuals at Posyandu Lansia Harapan Bunda who met the inclusion criteria. Body Mass Index (BMI) was measured by assessing body weight and height and calculated using the BMI formula (kg/m²), while physical activity levels were assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. The Spearman correlation test was applied with a significance level of p < 0.05 to determine the relationship between BMI and physical activity. The findings showed a significant relationship between body mass index and physical activity among the elderly. Elderly individuals with low physical activity levels tended to have overweight and obesity categories of BMI, while those with moderate to high physical activity tended to have normal BMI. There is a relationship between body mass index and physical activity among the elderly at Posyandu Lansia Harapan Bunda. Higher levels of physical activity contribute to maintaining BMI within the normal range.

The Association Between Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs) And Risk Factors In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients At Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital, Surakarta

Dara Pramesta Pertiwi — 2026-09-01

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic diseases among geriatric patients and is often accompanied by multiple comorbidities requiring the use of multiple medications (polypharmacy). This condition increases the risk of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs), defined as medications whose potential risks outweigh their clinical benefits in older adults. Identifying PIMs is essential to improve medication safety and promote rational drug therapy in geriatric patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs), identify the associated risk factors, and analyze the relationship between risk factors and PIMs among geriatric patients with chronic kidney disease based on the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria 2023. This observational analytic study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design. The study included 82 geriatric patients with chronic kidney disease who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected from medical records of patients at Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital, Surakarta, from January to December 2025. PIMs were identified using the AGS Beers Criteria 2023, and data were analyzed using univariate analysis and the Chi-Square test with a 95% confidence level. The prevalence of PIMs was 97.6% (80 of 82 patients). Most patients were male (59.8%), aged 60–69 years (57.3%), and received ≥5 medications (57.3%). Category 1 accounted for the highest proportion of PIMs (40.6%), followed by Category 4 (37.8%). The analysis showed that sex, age, comorbidities, and hemodialysis frequency were not significantly associated with PIMs (p>0.05), whereas polypharmacy was significantly associated with the occurrence of PIMs (p<0.05). The prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medications among geriatric patients with chronic kidney disease was very high. Polypharmacy was the only risk factor significantly associated with PIMs. Regular medication review using the AGS Beers Criteria 2023 is recommended to improve medication safety, effectiveness, and rational drug use in geriatric patients.

The Effect Of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) On Increasing Hemoglobin Levels In Pregnant Women At The Ernita S.Tr. Keb PMB Pekanbaru City In 2025

Nur Cahyani — 2026-09-08

Anemia in pregnant women is still a health problem that can increase the risk of complications in both the mother and the fetus. In addition to Fe tablet supplementation, red dragon fruit contains iron and vitamin C which have the potential to help increase hemoglobin levels. To analyze the effect of dragon fruit administration on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women at PMB Ernita S.Tr. Keb Pekanbaru City in 2025. Quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design one group with a control group. The population consisted of 14 pregnant women and all were sampled using a total sampling technique. The research instrument used the GCHb Easy Touch tool, observation sheets, and digital scales. Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Paired Sample T Test with a significance level of 0.05. The treatment group experienced an increase in the proportion of pregnant women in the non-anemic category from 57.1% to 92.9%, while the Paired Sample T Test showed a p value = 0.022. In the control group, a p value = 0.165 was obtained which indicated no significant change. Giving dragon fruit as a companion to consuming Fe tablets has an effect on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women so that it has the potential to be an alternative non-pharmacological therapy in preventing anemia during pregnancy.

Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Povidone Iodine, Chlorhexidine, And Aquadest Mouthwash On Plaque Index In Students Of MTsN 2 Banda Aceh

Aisyah Rahmatillah Hasan — 2026-09-03

Dental plaque is one of the main factors causing various dental and oral diseases such as caries and periodontal disease. Plaque control can be done mechanically or chemically, one of which is by using mouthwash. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of povidone iodine, chlorhexidine, and distilled water mouthwash on reducing plaque index in students of MTsN 2 Banda Aceh. In this study was a Quasi Experiment method use a pretest-protest three Group Design conducted on 72 respondents divided into 3 groups with 24 respondents each. Data analysis used the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Paired Samples T-test, Homogeneity, One Way Anova and Post Hoct Test. Showed that the average plaque index score in students before rinsing with povidone iodine, chlorhexidine, and distilled water was 1.5. The average plaque index score after gargling with povidone iodine was 0.8, the average plaque index score after gargling with chlorhexidine was 0.5 and the average plaque index score after gargling with distilled water was 1.5. Is that there is a difference in effectiveness between povidone iodine, chlorhexidine, and distilled water mouthwashes in reducing plaque index in students of MTsN 2 Banda Aceh, with chlorhexidine as the most effective mouthwash in reducing plaque index. It is recommended that students of MTsN 2 Banda Aceh can use chlorhexidine mouthwash as a complement in maintaining dental and oral health after brushing their teeth

The Relationship Between Nutrition Content Exposure On Social Media And Eating Patterns And Body Image Of Female College Students In Bandar Lampung City

Elisa Febriyanti — 2026-09-26

Social media is an internet-based platform widely used by female college students to obtain information on nutrition, food, diet, and the ideal body shape. High exposure to unvalidated information may affect eating behaviour and body image perception. To analyse the relationship between exposure to nutrition content on social media and the eating patterns and body image of female college students in Bandar Lampung City in 2026. A quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 96 female students from Universitas Mitra Indonesia and Universitas Bandar Lampung selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using the SESMEB questionnaire (nutrition content exposure), a Food Frequency Questionnaire (eating patterns), and the BSQ-34 (body image), and analysed univariately and bivariately using the Pearson Chi-Square test at a significance level of 0.05. A total of 60,4% respondents had high exposure to social media nutrition content, 57,3% respondents had poor eating patterns, and 63,5% respondents had a positive body image. There was a significant relationship between social media nutrition content exposure and eating patterns (p=0.044; OR=2.347; 95% CI: 1.015–5.435) and between exposure and body image (p=0.035; OR=2.618; 95% CI: 1.054–6.500). High exposure to nutrition content on social media is associated with a greater likelihood of poor eating patterns and a negative body image. Higher education institutions and health professionals need to strengthen digital nutrition literacy and provide evidence-based social media education for female students.

Enzymatic Synthesis of Amoxicillin Using Penicillin G Acylase (PGA): A Systematic Literature Review

Asyafa Nursyahada — 2026-09-11

Amoxicillin is a β-lactam antibiotic widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Enzymatic synthesis of amoxicillin using Penicillin G acylase (PGA) is an alternative to conventional chemical synthesis because it has high selectivity and can proceed under milder reaction conditions. This study aims to examine the development of enzymatic synthesis of amoxicillin using PGA, strategies to increase synthesis efficiency, and obstacles encountered in the process. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by reviewing 15 journals that discuss the enzymatic synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics, especially the use of PGA in amoxicillin synthesis. Data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively based on the synthesis method, type of biocatalyst, reaction system, process improvement strategy, and research results. The results of the study indicate that the efficiency of amoxicillin synthesis can be improved through enzyme immobilization and engineering, optimization of reaction conditions, the use of ionic liquids, in situ product removal, and one-pot and batch reactor reaction systems. However, several challenges remain, such as low substrate concentration, suboptimal synthesis yields, side hydrolysis reactions, and crystallization and clogging of immobilized PGA. Overall, the use of PGA has great potential for the development of enzymatic amoxicillin synthesis, but optimization of the biocatalyst and reaction system is still needed to support larger-scale applications.

The Role Of Religion- And Ethics-Based Education In Female Islamic Boarding School Students’ Understanding Of Personal And Reproductive Health

Kurniati Kurniati — 2026-09-08

Adolescence is an important developmental period characterized by biological, psychological, and social changes, including reproductive development. Adequate understanding of personal and reproductive health is essential for adolescents to maintain personal hygiene, understand biological changes, and make responsible health-related decisions. In Islamic boarding schools, religious and ethical education constitutes an integral part of daily life and may contribute to the development of female students' understanding and health-related behaviors. This literature review aimed to examine the role of religion- and ethics-based education in shaping female students' understanding of personal and reproductive health. A narrative literature review was conducted using relevant literature addressing religious education, ethical education, adolescent reproductive health, and reproductive health education in Islamic boarding schools. The reviewed literature included research articles, community service publications, and relevant academic sources. The review indicates that religion- and ethics-based education may contribute to reproductive health understanding through fiqh education, Islamic ethics and morality, tarbiyah, female-oriented education, clean and healthy living practices, as well as guidance and role modeling by teachers and caregivers. Integrating religious values with scientifically accurate reproductive health information may help female students understand personal hygiene, menstruation, puberty, and responsibility for their bodies as part of moral and religious values. However, limited access to reliable information, cultural taboos, reluctance to discuss reproductive health, and limited availability of trained educators remain challenges. Integrating evidence-based reproductive health education with religious and ethical values is therefore necessary to develop comprehensive and contextually appropriate understanding among female students in Islamic boarding schools.

The Relationship Between The Role Of Dental Therapists In Health Promotion And Knowledge Of Oral Health Maintenance Among Patients Visiting The Dental Clinic Of UPTD Sitiung I Public Health Center Sitiung District Dharmasraya Regency

Rika Dewi Puspaningrum — 2026-09-15

Oral and dental health is an important part of overall health. Good knowledge about maintaining oral and dental health can support the formation of healthy behaviors. Dental and Oral Therapists have an important role in increasing patient knowledge through health promotion activities, especially as educators. This type of research is analytical with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in June 2026 at the Dental Polyclinic of the Sitiung I Community Health Center. The sample of the study was 30 respondents aged 20–59 years with an accidental sampling technique, namely the researcher took respondents who were met during the study and met the predetermined criteria. Data collection was carried out through interviews using questionnaires regarding the role of Dental and Oral Therapists in health promotion and knowledge of maintaining oral and dental health. Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test, with a significance level of α = 0.05. Research Results 53.3% of respondents rated the role of Dental and Oral Therapists in health promotion in the poor category, while 46.7% of respondents rated it good. The level of respondents' knowledge in maintaining dental and oral health is in the category of less than 53.3%, sufficient 40.0%, and good 6.7%. The results of the Chi-Square test showed a p value = 0.004 (p < 0.05). There is a significant relationship between the role of Dental and Oral Therapists in health promotion with knowledge of dental and oral health maintenance in patients visiting the Dental Polyclinic of UPTD Sitiung I Health Center. Dental and Oral Therapists should further optimize health promotion activities through structured education and the use of media so that patient knowledge regarding dental and oral health maintenance can be increased.

In Vitro Activity Of Apigenin And Luteolin Of Durian Peel (Durio Zibethinus Murray) Induced Apoptosis In Cervical Cancer And Molecular Docking Approach: Involvement Of Bcl-2 Pathways

Ainur Rofiq — 2026-09-01

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women, with resistance to therapy often linked to Bcl-2 overexpression. This study evaluated the anticancer activity of durian peel extract (Durio zibethinus Murray) against HeLa cells through Bcl-2-mediated apoptosis and investigated apigenin and luteolin interactions with Bcl-2 via molecular docking. The extract was prepared by ethanol maceration, characterized by phytochemical screening and GC-MS, and tested for cytotoxicity using the MTT assay, while apoptosis was assessed through Bcl-2 immunofluorescence. Phytochemical screening confirmed flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids, with GC-MS identifying over 93 bioactive compounds. The extract exhibited significant cytotoxicity with an IC₅₀ of 5.92 μg/mL, and cell viability decreased concentration-dependently (p < 0.05), accompanied by apoptotic morphological changes and reduced Bcl-2 expression. Molecular docking revealed favorable binding of apigenin and luteolin to Bcl-2, with binding energies of −6.01 and −5.55 kcal/mol, respectively. In conclusion, durian peel extract demonstrates promising anticancer activity against HeLa cells by inducing apoptosis through Bcl-2 suppression, with apigenin and luteolin serving as potential natural candidates for cervical cancer therapy.

The Role Of Artificial Intelligence As A Tool For Screening Depression And Anxiety Disorders

Baiq Gita Haerunisa — 2026-09-01

Depression and anxiety disorders are common mental health disorders that contribute to the burden of disability. Early detection is still a challenge because screening through clinical interviews and questionnaires such as PHQ-9 and GAD-7 relies on subjective reports and requires professionals. The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers opportunities to support more objective and efficient screening. To know the role of AI as a screening tool for depression and anxiety disorders and to examine its application, effectiveness, advantages, and limitations. This study used a literature review of the scientific literature on the use of AI in the detection and screening of depression and anxiety disorders. The literature was searched using keywords related to artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, depression, anxiety, and screening, then analyzed descriptively based on data type, AI approach, screening capabilities, and its advantages and limitations. AI is able to recognize depression- and anxiety-related patterns through text, voice, video, wearables, and multimodal. The voice-based approach shows an AUC of around 0.92, wearables have a sensitivity of 0.89, a specificity of 0.93, and an AUC of 0.96, while multimodal shows a pooled AUC of around 0.95. AI has the potential to improve the objectivity and efficiency of screening, but it still faces limitations in data quality, privacy, external validation, and performance variations in different populations. AI has the potential to be a screening tool for depression and anxiety disorders, but it has not yet been able to replace clinical evaluation. Further validation and integration with health worker assessments are needed.

Modern Stroke Management: An Evidence-Based Approach To Pharmacological Therapy, Neurointervention, Regenerative Medicine, and Rehabilitation

Suandy — 2026-09-15

Stroke is a major neurological disorder requiring rapid, evidence-based management to reduce mortality, disability, and long-term complications. This study aimed to review evidence-based approaches to stroke management, focusing on pharmacological therapy, neurointervention, regenerative medicine, and rehabilitation. This study employed a narrative literature review by synthesizing relevant evidence on acute treatment, secondary prevention, neurointervention, regenerative approaches, and rehabilitation. The population consisted of scientific literature addressing stroke management, while the sample comprised selected studies and clinical guidelines relevant to the research objectives. Data were collected through literature review and analyzed descriptively by comparing and synthesizing findings across the selected sources. The results showed that intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are essential interventions for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke, while antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, and high-intensity statin therapy contribute to secondary prevention. Regenerative approaches, acupuncture, herbal therapy, physiotherapy, and Tuina may provide complementary benefits, particularly during rehabilitation. In conclusion, optimal stroke management requires an integrated and evidence-based strategy that combines timely acute intervention, secondary prevention, rehabilitation, and selected complementary approaches to improve functional outcomes and reduce recurrence.

The Difference In The Effect Of Elderly Fitness Exercise And Balance Exercise On Improving Postural Balance Among Participants Of The Elderly Exercise Group At Fajarmulya Community Health Center

Vestia Eva Yupita — 2026-09-24

Elderly is a part of the stage of human life journey, the elderly is not a disease but is an advanced stage of a life process marked by a decrease in the body's ability to adapt to the environment and a decrease in balance in the elderly. To determine the difference in the effect of elderly gym and balance exercise on improving postural balance. The research design used a pretest and a posttest two group design. 20 elderly people were sampled by purposive sampling. Group I fitness exercise for the elderly was carried out 3 times a week for 4 weeks, group 2 was given balance exercise performed 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The measuring tool uses the Time Up and Go Test (TUGT). Before giving the intervention the balance value in groups I and 2 experienced a decrease in the highest balance of 27 and the lowest 22. After giving the intervention there was an increase in the balance of group I, the highest score was 21, the lowest value was 17 and in group 2 the highest 20 was the lowest 15. Hypothesis test got p-value results. <0.05, which means that there is an effect of giving the intervention and there is a difference in the effect of giving the elderly gym with balance exercise. There is an effect of giving the elderly gym intervention with balance exercise and there is a difference in giving the elderly gym with balance exercise. It is necessary to do research to improve balance in pre-menopausal age and type of work.

Factors Affecting The Incidence Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) In Women Of Childbearing Age: A Literature Review

Erica Nur Hidayah — 2026-09-01

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) refers to a hormonal disorder that is commonly found in women of childbearing age. PCOS can cause anovulation and difficulty having offspring due to the presence of small cysts with a diameter of 4-9mm along the ovaries. PCOS cases in women of childbearing age not only have a physical impact but also have an impact on the psychological of the sufferer. This literature review study aims to identify the main factors that affect the incidence of PCOS in women of childbearing age. This article utilizes the literature review method, data search is carried out through the Google Scholar and Pubmed databases published in 2020 to 2025, the number of articles reviewed is 10 articles. Based on the analysis of 10 articles, the results were obtained that the main factors that affect PCOS include lifestyle, menstrual cycle disorders, obesity, depression, family history, insulin resistance and hyperandrogens. These findings suggest that a good lifestyle can minimize metabolic disorders in people with PCOS. However, the results of these findings state that depression is not the main factor of PCOS but depression is one of the effects of PCOS.

The Effect Of Black Cumin Capsules On LDL Levels In Elderly Patients With Hypercholesterolemia At The Pegajahan Community Health Center

Shella Amanda — 2026-09-17

Hypercholesterolemia is characterized by increased levels of LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and decreased levels of HDL, caused by various variables, one of which is age. With age, a person's ability to bind to the LDL receptor decreases. This results in an increase in the amount of LDL present in the blood which in turn contributes to the blockage of blood vessels. Black cumin, also known as Nigella sativa, is a frequently used type of herbal medicine. By inhibiting the activity of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme and increasing the expression of LDL receptor mRNA, black cumin is an herbal medicine that has the potential to reduce LDL cholesterol levels. This study aims to determine the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa) capsule administration on LDL levels in elderly individuals with hypercholesterolemia. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group, involving pre-test and post-test. The research subjects were 20 individuals, divided into two groups: the experimental group, consisting of 10 people, who were given 500 mg black cumin capsules (4 capsules per day for 30 days) and the control group, consisting of 10 people, who were given a placebo (4 capsules per day for 30 days). Data analysis was performed using the t-test. Data analysis using the t-test showed that the pre-test and post-test results of the black cumin capsule administration had a p-value of <0.001. Black cumin capsules have an effect on lowering LDL levels in elderly individuals with hypercholesterolemia.

The Relationship Between Dental Caries and Quality of Life Among the Community in Padang Tangah Payobadar Urban Village, East Payakumbuh District, West Sumatra

Eva Nurmiza — 2026-09-13

Dental caries remains one of the most common oral health problems among adults and can adversely affect quality of life. Untreated dental caries may cause pain, impaired chewing function, difficulty speaking, and reduced self-confidence. In Indonesia, the prevalence of dental caries remains high. A similar condition is observed among adults aged 35–44 years in Padang Tangah Payobadar Village, Payakumbuh Timur District, West Sumatra, as indicated by the high prevalence of active dental caries and tooth loss due to untreated caries. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dental caries and quality of life among adults aged 35–44 years in Padang Tangah Payobadar Village. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 54 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through clinical examination using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMF-T) index and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 26 respondents (48.1%) had a very high DMF-T category, while 27 respondents (50.0%) had poor quality of life. The Chi-Square test yielded a Pearson Chi-Square value of 69.363 with a p-value <0.001 (p<0.05), indicating a statistically significant relationship between dental caries and quality of life. It can be concluded that the higher the severity of dental caries, the poorer the oral health-related quality of life. Therefore, promotive and preventive efforts through oral health education, regular dental check-ups, and early management of dental caries are recommended.

The Influence Of Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis) Aromatheraphy On The Anxiety Levels Of Prospective Contraceptive Implant Recipients At Maja Health Center, Lebak District In 2025

Wulan Damayanti Wulan Damayanti — 2026-09-08

The coverage of long-acting contraceptive methods (LARC) in Indonesia in 2024 reached only 14.27% and remains uneven across regions. One of the barriers to its use is anxiety caused by fear and pain during the insertion of contraceptive implants. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) aromatherapy can serve as a non-pharmacological approach to reduce anxiety. To examine the effect of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) aromatherapy on the anxiety levels of prospective implant contraceptive acceptors at Maja Public Health Center, Lebak Regency, in 2025. This study used a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. consisted of 35 women registered as prospective contraceptive implant acceptors. Sampling: used a total sampling technique with accidental sampling. included the HRS-A questionnaire and aromatherapy SOP. Using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The mean anxiety score decreased from 20.00 (SD: 6.60) before the intervention to 11.94 (SD: 4.84) after the intervention, with a p-value < .001. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) aromatherapy significantly reduces anxiety in women prior to implant contraceptive procedures. Recommendation: It is suggested as an evidence-based non-pharmacological therapy to help manage anxiety during contraceptive implant insertion.

Management Of Single Root Canal Treatment With Fiber Post And Jacket Crown Restoration In Tooth 22 With Pulp Necrosis

Ratih Hartinawati — 2026-09-01

Single root canal treatment is an endodontic treatment of dental conservation. The procedure involves removing necrotic or vital pulp and replacing the root canal filling material to prevent recurrent infection. Dental restorations are necessary after root canal treatment, considering retention and resistance. The selection of a jacket crown restoration with a post core intended to increase strength to withstand chewing loads and create additional retention, especially in this case, which concerns anterior teeth. This treatment useful in determining the success of single root canal treatment with a jacket crown restoration and fiber post core. This descriptive case report study was conducted based on a patient treated directly at Soelastri Dental and Oral Hospital. The results of single root canal treatment with a jacket crown restoration and post core were obtained from objective examination results of percussion (-), palpation (-), USPHS (United States Public Health Service) anatomy: alpha, color matching: alpha, margin adaptation: alpha, color change: alpha, surface roughness: alpha, secondary caries: alpha. Conclusion: Single root canal treatment with a jacket crown restoration and fiber post core provides optimal, aesthetically pleasing anterior tooth restoration results with minimal risk of failure.

The Relationship Between Sleep Disorders And Neurological Complaints In Third Trimester Pregnant Women In The Banda Sakti Community Health Center Work Area, Lhokseumawe City

Lailatul Fadhila — 2026-09-24

Sleep disturbances are one of the complaints that pregnant women can experience, especially in the third trimester, along with physiological changes and increasing discomfort during pregnancy. Neurological complaints such as headaches, dizziness, tingling, and fatigue can also occur during pregnancy and can affect maternal comfort and activities. This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep disturbances and neurological complaints in third-trimester pregnant women in the Banda Sakti Community Health Center Work Area, Lhokseumawe City. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were third-trimester pregnant women in the Banda Sakti Community Health Center Work Area, Lhokseumawe City and a sample of 44 respondents using a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a sleep disturbance questionnaire and a neurological complaint questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced sleep disturbances (32 respondents (72.7%), while respondents who did not experience sleep disturbances were 12 respondents (27.3%). Most respondents experienced moderate-severe neurological complaints (29 respondents (65.9%). The results of the Chi-Square test showed a p value of 0.005 (p <0.05), which indicates a significant relationship between sleep disorders and neurological complaints in pregnant women in the third trimester. It was concluded that there was a significant relationship between sleep disorders and neurological complaints in pregnant women in the third trimester in the Banda Sakti Community Health Center Working Area, Lhokseumawe City.

Analysis Of Healthcare Workers’ Compliance With National Quality Indicator Implementation In Inpatient Units At Dr. H. Mohamad Rabain Regional General Hospital

Citra Dewi Agus Sari — 2026-09-01

Healthcare workers’ compliance with National Quality Indicators plays an important role in maintaining healthcare quality and patient safety. This study aimed to analyze healthcare workers’ compliance and identify the most dominant associated factor in the inpatient units of Dr. H. Mohamad Rabain Regional General Hospital. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design and involved 80 nurses and midwives selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. The researchers collected data using structured questionnaires and a direct observation checklist that assessed hand hygiene, personal protective equipment use, patient identification, and fall-risk prevention. The researchers analyzed the data using descriptive analysis, the Chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that most healthcare workers complied with the National Quality Indicators. Age, sex, educational level, knowledge, attitude, length of service, supervision, workload, training, and facilities and infrastructure were significantly associated with compliance. Knowledge, attitude, training, and facilities and infrastructure remained significant in the adjusted model. Facilities and infrastructure represented the most dominant factor associated with healthcare workers’ compliance. Hospital management should ensure the availability of adequate facilities and strengthen continuous training, supervision, competency development, and compliance monitoring to improve quality implementation and patient safety.

The Overview Of Uric Acid Levels In Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis At Respira Lung Hospital Yogyakarta

Nur Fadila Afwa — 2026-09-01

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a global health problem requiring long-term treatment with a combination of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. Several drugs, including pyrazinamide and ethambutol, may increase uric acid levels and potentially cause hyperuricemia. This study aimed to describe uric acid levels among DR-TB patients at Respira Yogyakarta Lung Hospital. A quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach was used based on secondary data from medical records of DR-TB patients during January 2020–December 2025. Samples were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 30 samples. The data included age, sex, uric acid levels, treatment regimen, and treatment duration and were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most patients were male (60%) and belonged to the pre-elderly age group (43.3%). The mean uric acid level was 5.97 mg/dL, with a maximum value of 13.0 mg/dL. A total of 21 patients (70%) had normal uric acid levels, 8 patients (26.7%) had elevated levels, and 1 patient (3.3%) had a low level. The most commonly used treatment regimen consisted of clofazimine, bedaquiline, ethambutol, ethionamide, isoniazid, levofloxacin, and pyrazinamide. In conclusion, most DR-TB patients had uric acid levels within the normal range, although some patients experienced elevated uric acid levels during treatment.

The Relationship Between Occupational Factors And The Incidence Of Emesis Gravidarum At Banggae II Public Health Center, Majene Regency

Muhammad Naufal Rizqullah M — 2026-09-08

Emesis gravidarum is a common complaint during the first trimester of pregnancy that may adversely affect the mother's condition when it occurs excessively. Globally, emesis gravidarum is estimated to occur in approximately 70% of pregnant women. At Banggae II Public Health Center, Majene Regency, a preliminary survey in 2021 showed that 241 out of 366 pregnant women (65.85%) experienced emesis gravidarum during the first trimester. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the employment status, workplace location, work-related stress, and working hours of pregnant women in the working area of Banggae II Public Health Center, Majene Regency. This study employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The results showed that the majority of pregnant women were employed (51.7%), worked outdoors (70.5%), experienced work-related stress (57.7%), and worked more than 40 hours per week (62.8%). Furthermore, there were significant associations between employment status (p=0.005), workplace location (p=0.022), work-related stress (p=0.007), and working hours (p=0.000) and the incidence of emesis gravidarum. It can be concluded that employment status, workplace location, work-related stress, and working hours are significantly associated with the incidence of emesis gravidarum at Banggae II Public Health Center, Majene Regency.

Risk-Based School Food Screening For Health Education: Evidence From Palembang

Mega Utami — 2026-09-17

School food-safety surveillance can provide locally relevant evidence for health education, yet chemical screening and educational practice are rarely integrated. This descriptive field-laboratory study screened risk-targeted snacks from 20 elementary schools in the service areas of Sako and 23 Ilir Community Health Centers, Palembang, Indonesia, during January-July 2026. Three different snacks per school were selected for different analytes, yielding 20 formaldehyde-targeted, 20 borax-targeted, and 20 Rhodamine B-targeted items. Qualitative rapid-test kits were applied after standardized sample preparation, and analyte-specific positive-screen proportions were calculated. Formaldehyde and borax were not detected in any targeted sample. One brightly colored corn ice-cream product screened positive for Rhodamine B, corresponding to 5.0% of the Rhodamine B-targeted group. The pooled operational yield across all 60 assay-specific items was 1.7%, but this should not be interpreted as analyte prevalence. The findings support continued risk-based surveillance, confirmatory testing after positive screens, and locally grounded school health education that teaches students, vendors, and school personnel to distinguish visual suspicion, screening evidence, and laboratory confirmation. Local food-safety data can therefore support critical food literacy without overstating surveillance findings.

Molecular Docking Study Of Active Compounds Of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) As Antioxidant Enzyme Activators

Nucke Aurelya Pramesti — 2026-09-26

Oxidative stress resulting from an imbalance between Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and endogenous antioxidant systems contributes to various degenerative diseases. Activation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway plays a crucial role in upregulating antioxidant enzyme expression. Purslane (*Portulaca oleracea* L.) is known to be rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids with antioxidant potential; however, studies regarding its molecular interactions with the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway remain limited. This study aimed to determine molecular interaction patterns, predict ADME and toxicity profiles, and identify the active compound in purslane with the greatest potential as an Nrf2 antioxidant enzyme activator. This was a quantitative, pre-experimental *in silico* study utilizing AutoDock Vina (via the PyRx platform) for molecular docking, VegaZZ and PyMOL for preparation and visualization, and SwissADME and pkCSM for ADME-toxicity prediction. Docking results revealed that compounds such as Taraxerol, Hesperidin, Quercetin-O-hexoside, Neochlorogenic acid, and Chlorogenic acid exhibited favorable binding affinities (RMSD ≤2 Å) and formed non-covalent interactions with key residues, such as GLN530 and SER508. Most compounds demonstrated ADME and toxicity profiles supporting their development as oral drug candidates with low safety risks. Taraxerol was identified as the best compound, as it met the established criteria across all testing parameters. Active compounds in purslane show potential as Nrf2 activators; although no single compound met every criterion for an ideal drug candidate, Taraxerol emerged as the most promising candidate, warranting further structural optimization to assess its functional efficacy.

The Relationship Between Family Support and TB Prevention Behavior at Level II Hospital, RW Mongisidi, Manado

Agatha Marischa Annasthasya Frans — 2026-09-01

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a public health problem in Indonesia. Preventive behavior against TB transmission is an important effort in breaking the chain of disease transmission. Family support is a factor that can influence patient health behavior, including behavior against TB transmission. Methods: This study used a quantitative method with an observational analytical design through a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at Level II RW Mongisidi Hospital, Manado in May 2026. The study sample consisted of 37 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The results showed that most respondents received supportive family support (21 respondents (56.8%), and most had good TB transmission prevention behavior (23 respondents (62.2%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that of the 21 respondents who received supportive family support, 18 respondents (48.6%) had good TB transmission prevention behavior. The results of the Chi-Square test obtained a p-value of 0.002 (p<0.05), so H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between family support and TB transmission prevention behavior in TB patients at Level II RW Mongisidi Hospital, Manado. Good family support plays a role in improving TB transmission prevention behavior in patients

The Effect Of Pill Box Use On Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Participating In Prolanis At Sangkrah Community Health Center, Surakarta

Iza Zulfa Salsabila — 2026-09-01

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide. According to the WHO, approximately 422 million people were living with diabetes in 2023. In Indonesia, the number of diabetes cases continues to increase, making medication adherence essential to achieve successful therapeutic outcomes. One strategy to improve medication adherence is the use of a pill box as a medication reminder. To determine the effect of pill box use on medication adherence and therapeutic outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus enrolled in the Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) at Sangkrah Primary Health Center, Surakarta. This study employed a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design involving 60 respondents, consisting of 30 participants in the control group and 30 in the intervention group. Medication adherence was assessed using the 8-item MMAS-8 and the Pill Count method, while therapeutic outcomes were evaluated based on HbA1c levels. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, the Chi-square test, and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test showed that pill box use significantly improved medication adherence based on both the MMAS-8 and Pill Count methods (p < 0.001). The proportion of adherent patients measured by Pill Count was higher in the intervention group (93.3%) than in the control group (70.0%). Bivariate analysis indicated that HbA1c, family support, and healthcare provider support were significantly associated with medication adherence (p < 0.05), whereas age, sex, education, occupation, duration of diabetes, comorbidities, and prescribing patterns were not significantly associated (p > 0.05). Therefore, a pill box can be recommended as a simple and effective medication reminder to help patients take their medications regularly and support successful therapeutic outcomes. The use of a pill box significantly improved medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Analysis Of Digital Maturity Level (DMI) Based On The Ministry Of Health Instrument At ST. Carolus Hospital, Summarecon Serpong In 2026

Oxilia Ivonny — 2026-09-15

Digital transformation requires hospitals to have an adequate level of digital maturity to support system integration, data security, and healthcare interoperability. This study aims to analyze the digital maturity level of St. Carolus Hospital Summarecon Serpong in 2026, identify gaps, and formulate improvement priorities based on the Ministry of Health's Digital Maturity Index (DMI) instrument. The study used a sequential explanatory design with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Eight informants were selected purposively. Instruments included DMI assessments, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and observations. The data were analyzed descriptively using the average score of the seven DMI components and thematically through coding, categorization, and triangulation. The results showed the highest scores for Standards and Interoperability (4.67), Competence, Skills and Use (4.50), and Management and Governance (4.44). In conclusion, the hospital's digital maturity is at a high level, but there is still a need to strengthen data analytics, infrastructure, security, training, and RME interoperability.

K-Medoids Analysis Based On Health Risks And Medical Records In Health Insurance Premium Policies

Ratna Apriyanti — 2026-09-23

This study is motivated by the need to group policyholders based on health risk levels and medical records to inform the formulation of health insurance premium policies. The methodology employs the K-Medoids algorithm combined with Gower Distance to process a mix of numerical and categorical variables, while the Silhouette Score is used to determine the optimal number of clusters. The dataset comprises 7,500 policyholders, with variables representing health risks and medical history specifically BMI, smoking status, physical activity level, alcohol consumption, chronic diseases, annual doctor visits, and a history of hospitalization in the previous year. The study yielded a Silhouette Score of 0.093783 (for k=3), indicating the data is best divided into three clusters. The analysis identified three distinct health risk and medical record groups: Cluster 2 (low risk), containing 3,431 policyholders with the lowest medical costs, chronic disease counts, and healthcare service utilization; Cluster 0 (medium risk), containing 1,975 policyholders characterized by the presence of chronic diseases leading to increased healthcare utilization despite having a normal BMI; and Cluster 1 (high risk), containing 2,094 policyholders with obese BMIs, the highest number of chronic diseases, and the highest medical costs, thereby presenting a higher potential risk for claims. The findings demonstrate that clustering using K-Medoids with Gower Distance can support the development of more proportional, risk-based health insurance premium policies.

Evaluation Of Road Performance On Freight Route Shifting Towards The Dumai And Selinsing Industrial Areas

Nanda Ma’arif — 2026-09-01

The development of the Dumai and Selinsing industrial areas has led to an increase in freight traffic, impacting the performance of roads serving logistics distribution activities. The high volume of heavy vehicles on Jalan Arifin Ahmad has the potential to reduce the level of road service, necessitating an evaluation of the planned rerouting of freight transport to Jalan Abdul Naim as an alternative route. The research methods used were traffic surveys, vehicle speed surveys, road geometric data collection, and road performance analysis based on the 2023 Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI). The parameters analyzed included traffic volume, road capacity, degree of saturation (DJ), free flow speed, travel time, and level of service (Level of Service/LOS). The analysis was conducted on existing conditions, after the rerouting, and projected traffic growth for the 5- and 10-year periods. The research results show that under existing conditions, Jalan Arifin Ahmad has a capacity of 2,318 SMP/hour, a traffic volume of 679 SMP/hour, and a saturation level of 0.29 with a service level of B. After heavy vehicles were transferred to the alternative route, traffic volume decreased to 637 SMP/hour with a saturation level of 0.27, remaining at LOS B. In the 5th year projection, the saturation level increased to 0.53 (LOS C) and in the 10th year to 0.64 (LOS C). Meanwhile, Jalan Abdul Naim, as an alternative route, demonstrated excellent performance with a saturation level ranging from 0.16–0.24 and a service level of A–B. The research results indicate that the rerouting of freight transport can reduce traffic load on Jalan Arifin Ahmad without reducing the performance of Jalan Abdul Naim, making this alternative route suitable for supporting smooth distribution to the Dumai and Selinsing industrial areas

The Success of Acid Fracturing Job In Water Disposal Injection Well In “NJT-25” Well of “Subang” Field

Adrian Indarti — 2026-09-01

Acid fracturing is one of the well stimulation methods that aims to restore or even increase the decline in well productivity caused by several factors, such as unstable production rates by giving a new way (bypass) to hydrocarbons. The NJT-25 well in the Subang Field is a well that was stimulated using acid fracturing on Friday, October 25, 2024. The NJT-25 well has a low permeability of Limestone rock mineralogy of about 2.2 mD with a porosity value of 12%. The mixing fluid used is Water Base Fluid, which is the water-based and acid-based mixing fluid used is 15% Hcl. The process of implementing acid fracturing begins with a step rate test, and immediately plays frac. The reason for acid fracturing in the NJT-25 well is that water injection wells as water disposal are less effective when injected with water because of the small rate of water injection, which is with a value of 365.49 BWPD. After acid fracturing, the NJT-25 well experienced an increase in permeability value of around 572.51 mD with an average permeability of around 9.2 mD followed by an increase in the productivity index (PI) with the Prats method of around 3.1 times and the Cinco-Ley method of around 3.3 times. The rate of water injection in the NJT-25 well is 1511.59 BWPD.

Application Of The Fuzzy C-Means Method In Elderly Health Analysis At The Blitar Regency Elderly Home

Muhammad 'Izza Al-manfaluti — 2026-09-15

The increasing number of elderly population requires a structured health assessment to support the determination of appropriate interventions in elderly care facilities. This study aims to identify the health patterns of elderly in elderly care facilities in Blitar Regency using Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and evaluate the validity of clusters using Partition Coefficient (PC). This is an applied research with a sample of 90 elderly from three elderly care facilities. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and measurements of weight, height, blood pressure, blood sugar, BMI, MAP, and PP. The analysis was performed using Min-Max Normalization, FCM, and PC validation. The results showed three clusters, namely healthy (40%), alert (11.11%), and high risk (48.89%), with a PC value of 0.7535 indicating good cluster quality. The findings indicate that FCM is able to identify variations in elderly health conditions. In conclusion, FCM and PC validation can support monitoring and determining the priority of elderly health interventions.

GIS-Based Decision Support System for Determining Priority Zones for Forest Logging Monitoring Using the TOPSIS Method (Case Study: North Sumatra)

Mhd. Fikri Al-Amin — 2026-09-15

Deforestation and illegal logging in North Sumatra require more effective and spatially integrated monitoring to determine priority areas. This study aims to develop a GIS-based Decision Support System (DSS) to determine priority zones for forest logging monitoring using the TOPSIS method. The study uses a GIS-based DSS approach with the TOPSIS method. The study population includes districts with forest areas and potential for logging, with five districts as alternatives, namely Mandailing Natal, South Tapanuli, Langkat, North Tapanuli, and Dairi. Data were obtained through questionnaires, spatial data, and literature studies. TOPSIS analysis includes the formation of a decision matrix, normalization, weighting, ideal solutions, distance calculations, preference values, and ranking. The results show that the system is able to generate preference values, rankings, and priority zones spatially, while Black Box testing shows that all main functions are successfully implemented. In conclusion, the integration of TOPSIS and GIS can support the determination of forest monitoring priorities in a structured and spatially based manner.

Antioxidant Activity Test Of Kepel Leaf Extract Gel Preparation (Stelechocarpus Burahol) With Variations Of Carbopol 940 Concentration Using The Dpph Method

Hesti Dwi Susanti Hesti Dwi Susanti — 2026-09-11

Kepel leaves (Stelechocarpus burahol) have the potential as a source of natural antioxidants. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in Carbopol 940 concentration on the physical quality, stability, and antioxidant activity of kepel leaf extract gel. The extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol and formulated into a gel with variations in Carbopol 940 concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. Evaluations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, physical stability using a cycling test, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The results of the kepel leaf extract study showed very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 10.14 ± 0.89 ppm. All gel formulas met the physical quality requirements of the preparation. Increasing the concentration of Carbopol 940 decreased the pH value and spreadability, but increased the viscosity. The formula containing 1.5% Carbopol 940 showed the best physical characteristics and stability. The antioxidant activity of the gel preparation showed IC50 values of 226.61 ± 7.68 ppm (F1); 230.96 ± 3.11 ppm (FII); and 241.56 ± 4.66 ppm (FIII), respectively, where the entire formula was classified as a very weak antioxidant.

Design Of A Handy Talky Voice Logger System Using A Voice Recording System Application Integrated With A Mysql Database At Nunukan Airport

Didik Sulistyo — 2026-09-08

Radio communication using a Handy Talky (HT) is an essential means of supporting operational coordination within the airport environment. However, the absence of a voice logger system capable of recording and documenting all HT communications in a structured manner can limit monitoring, operational evaluation, and incident investigation. This study aims to design a Handy Talky voice logger system using a Voice Recording System (VRS) application integrated with a MySQL database at Nunukan Airport. The research method used is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) combined with a Research and Development approach. The system automatically records HT communications, transmits recording metadata to a MySQL database using a Python program, and displays the data through a web-based monitoring interface. Test results show that the main functional parameters (signal reception, recording, metadata storage, time synchronization, and playback) achieved a success rate of 90-100%, with a system delay of 1.5 seconds, while design validation showed an average success rate of 96%. These results indicate that the designed system is functionally feasible and able to support operational communications documentation in accordance with PM 2 of 2026 and ICAO Annex 10 Volume II.

Application Of The Line Of Balance Method In The Scheduling Of High-Rise Building Construction In Bandung City (Case Study: UNIPI Bandung Campus Building Construction Project)

Fajar Rizka Juniar — 2026-09-01

The construction of high-rise buildings requires effective scheduling methods to ensure project completion according to time, cost, and quality targets. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Line of Balance (LOB) method compared with the Bar Chart method in scheduling structural work on the UNIPI Bandung Campus Building Construction Project. This research used a quantitative comparative method based on secondary data, including project schedules, work durations, and repetitive structural activities such as columns, beams, slabs, and stairs. The analysis was conducted by developing LOB schedules using average and minimum lag times, followed by a comparison of project duration and time efficiency. The results showed that the LOB method using minimum lag time produced the shortest duration, reducing the project completion time from 24 weeks to 20 weeks with a time efficiency of 16.67%. The total project cost remained unchanged, but the weekly cost distribution differed due to accelerated work progress. The LOB method is effective for optimizing repetitive construction scheduling and improving workflow continuity.